The values we share: A multi-method approach to understanding how perceived outgroup values are related to attitudes towards immigrants.

Cultural understanding entails a recognition of outgroup values. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, we analysed the perception of Spaniards of the core values of Moroccan immigrants across two online surveys, 139 interviews and an experimental study. In Study 1, participants spontaneously generated the values considered fundamental for Moroccans, rated such values on a continuum of negativity-positivity and reported their attitudes towards Moroccans. In Study 2, participants were asked about the values that Spaniards and Moroccans (do not) share. In Study 3, participants were interviewed about the core values for Moroccans and those shared with Spaniards. Study 4 experimentally manipulated the salience of value-sharing. An inductive analysis revealed that the perceived core values for Moroccans were related to family/community, material issues, religion and integrity. Study 2 showed that religion, gender-universalism and culture/tradition were perceived as different values, whereas integrity, social-interaction and family/community values were perceived as shared. Study 4 confirmed that making salient the common importance of family for Spaniards and Moroccans indirectly increased the perceived morality of Moroccan immigrants via perceived shared values. Implications for the way lay people think about the values of outgroups are discussed.

The Effect of the Valence of Imagined Contact with Immigrants onAdolescents’ Stereotype Content: The Importance of Perceived Typicality

En dos estudios, hemos examinado el efecto de la valencia del contacto intergrupal imaginado sobre el contenido de los estereotipos que mantienen los adolescentes españoles hacia inmigrantes ecuatorianos y marroquíes considerando el papel moderador de la tipicidad percibida y el origen étnico sobre este efecto. El Estudio 1 (N = 133) mostró que, solo para los marroquíes, cuando el compañero de interacción se percibía muy típico, los marroquíes se percibían más morales y sociables después de un contacto positivo imaginado que después de uno negativo. En contraste, cuando el compañero de interacción se percibía como atípico, los marroquíes se percibían más morales y sociables después de una interacción imaginada negativa que después de una positiva. El Estudio 2 (N = 113) reprodujo, en líneas generales, estos hallazgos, y confirmó el mayor efecto del contacto imaginado negativo sobre los estereotipos. Solo cuando el contacto imaginado era negativo y el compañero de interacción se percibía como típico, el contacto alteraba las percepciones de los adolescentes y disminuía la sociabilidad percibida de los marroquíes. Nuestros hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la dependencia del contexto del efecto de la valencia de contacto, así como la importancia de la tipicidad percibida para la generalización de sus efectos sobre el contenido de los estereotipos.(AU)

Across two studies, we examined the effect of imagined inter-group contact valence on Spanish adolescents’ stereotype content of Ec-uadorian and Moroccan immigrants considering the moderator role of per-ceived typicality and ethnic origin on this effect. Study 1 (N= 133) showed that, only for Moroccans, when the interaction partner was perceived as highly typical, Moroccans were perceived as more moral and sociable after an imagined positive contact than after a negative one. In contrast, when the interaction partner was perceived as atypical, Moroccans were per-ceived as more moral and sociable after a negative imagined interaction than after a positive one. Study 2 (N= 113) broadly replicated these find-ings and confirmed the stronger effect of negative imagined contact on stereotypes. Only when the imagined contact was negative and the interac-tion partner was perceived as typical, contact altered adolescents’ percep-tions and impaired Moroccans’ perceived sociability. Our findings highlight the context-dependency of the effect of contact valence and the im-portance of the perceived typicality for the generalization of its effects on stereotype content.